LinuxCommandLibrary

Files & Folders

Create file

$ touch [fileName]

$ echo "" >> [fileName]

$ > [fileName]

Delete file

$ rm [fileName]

Display file content

$ cat [fileName]

$ bat [fileName]

Edit text file

$ vi [fileName]

$ nano [fileName]

$ emacs [fileName]

$ pico [fileName]

$ ed [fileName]

Copy file or folder

$ cp [fileName] [newFileName]

$ cat [fileName] > [newFileName]

$ dd if=[fileName] of=[newFileName]

Move/Rename file or folder

$ mv [fileName] [newFileName]

Create folder

$ mkdir [folderName]

Delete folder

$ rm -r [folderName]

List folder contents

$ ls

Change folder

$ cd [path]

Change to user's home directory

$ cd ~

Change to parent directory

$ cd ..

Change to previous directory

$ cd -

Show current folder

Create a physical link to file or folder

$ ln [fileOrigin] [linkDest]

Find phrase within file

$ grep [phrase] [fileName]

$ rg [phrase] [fileName]

Get filesystem of partition

$ file -sL [partition]

Mount filesystem

$ mount /dev/[device] [path]

Unmount filesystem

$ umount [path]

Make file executable

$ chmod +x [file]

Show size of all subdirectories

$ du -h --max-depth=1

Display and update information of files

$ watch -d -n 2 'df; ls -FlAt;'

List trash files

$ ls -l ~/.local/share/Trash/files

Empty trash

$ rm -r ~/.local/share/Trash

$ gio trash --empty

$ gvfs-trash --empty

Move file to trash

$ gio trash [file]

View file permission

$ ls -l [file]

$ stat [file]

Set file permission

$ chmod [permission] [file]

View owner and group of file

$ ls -l [file]

Change owner of file

$ chown [user] [file]

Change group ownership of file

$ chgrp [group] [file]

Compare two files

$ diff [file1] [file2]

Create symbolic link

$ ln -s [target] [linkName]

Show file type

$ file [fileName]

Count lines, words and characters

$ wc [fileName]

Show first lines of a file

$ head [fileName]

Show last lines of a file

$ tail [fileName]

Browse file content

$ less [fileName]

$ more [fileName]

$ most [fileName]

Sort file contents

$ sort [fileName]

Tree view of directory

Kai