Xorg

Start X server on default display

$ Xorg

$ Xorg :1

$ Xorg -configure

$ Xorg -config [/path/to/xorg.conf]

$ Xorg vt7

$ Xorg -query [hostname]

$ Xorg -retro -probeonly

Xorg [:DISPLAY] [OPTIONS]

Xorg is the X Window System server implementation from X.Org Foundation. It provides the foundation for graphical user interfaces on Unix-like systems, managing displays, input devices, and graphics hardware.
The server reads configuration from /etc/X11/xorg.conf or files in /etc/X11/xorg.conf.d/. Modern systems often run without explicit configuration, relying on automatic hardware detection.
Xorg is typically started by a display manager (GDM, SDDM, LightDM) or the startx script rather than directly. It runs on a virtual terminal and provides the display connection for X clients.

:DISPLAY

Display number to use (default: 0).

Use specified configuration file instead of default.

Probe hardware and generate xorg.conf.

Write log to specified file.

Search path for loadable modules.

Start with classic X stipple background.

Probe hardware without starting server.

Connect to XDMCP host.

Verbosity level (0-7).

Use virtual terminal N.

Disable listening on protocol (e.g., tcp).

Don't automatically switch VT at startup.

Running Xorg requires appropriate permissions (typically root or membership in video group). Many systems now use Wayland compositors instead of Xorg. Configuration errors can leave the system without a graphical interface; keep a backup configuration or use fallback options.

X.Org Server is the successor to XFree86 and the reference implementation of the X Window System. The X.Org Foundation was formed in 2004 after a licensing dispute with XFree86. Xorg has been the standard X server on Linux and BSD systems, though Wayland is increasingly replacing it for desktop use.

startx(1), xinit(1), xrandr(1), xorg.conf(5)