pv
Monitor data transfer through pipes
TLDR
Show transfer progress
SYNOPSIS
pv [options] [files]
DESCRIPTION
pv (Pipe Viewer) monitors the progress of data flowing through a Unix pipeline. It can be inserted between any two commands in a pipe to display a progress bar, transfer rate, elapsed time, estimated time of arrival, and percentage complete.
When given a file as input, pv can calculate the total size and show meaningful progress percentages. For streams of unknown size, use the -s flag to specify the expected size. The -L option limits transfer rate, which is useful for throttling operations. Multiple -N flags can name different pv instances in complex pipelines to track each stage independently. pv is commonly used to add visual feedback to operations like disk imaging with dd, database imports, or large file transfers.
PARAMETERS
FILES
Input files.-L RATE
Rate limit.-N NAME
Transfer name.-e
Show ETA.-p
Show percentage.-t
Show elapsed time.-r
Show rate.-s SIZE
Expected size.
CAVEATS
Adds small overhead. Insert between commands.
HISTORY
pv was created for monitoring data progress through pipelines.