lci

Run a LOLCODE file

$ lci [path/to/file]

$ lci -h

$ lci -v

lspci [options]

-v
    Verbose mode. Displays more detailed information about the device.

-vv
    More verbose mode. Even more detail is shown.

-vvv
    Maximum verbosity. Dumps all available configuration space information.

-n
    Show PCI vendor and device codes as numbers instead of names.

-x
    Show a hexadecimal dump of the standard part of the configuration space.

-xxx
    Show a hexadecimal dump of the complete PCI configuration space. Requires root privileges.

-s []
    Show only devices in the specified slot. The slot is specified as [domain:]bus:device.function. The domain is optional.

-d []:[]
    Show only devices with the specified vendor and device IDs.

-i
    Use the specified file as the PCI ID list instead of the default.

-m
    Machine-readable output.

-t
    Show PCI tree.

-b
    Bus-centric view. Shows all buses in the system.

-D
    Always show domain numbers.

-k
    Show kernel modules driving each device.

-mm
    Produce output suitable for processing by scripts (more parsable than -m)

The `lci` command is *not* a standard Linux utility. It's highly likely a typo and refers to `lspci`. `lspci` is a powerful tool used to display information about PCI buses and devices connected to them. It reads data from the PCI configuration space, providing details such as device class, vendor ID, device ID, revision ID, and other relevant hardware information. It's frequently used for hardware diagnostics, identifying devices, and troubleshooting driver issues. `lspci` can display information in a human-readable format or in a machine-readable format suitable for scripting. The command can be used to identify the exact device names and IDs that are then used to determine if device drivers are missing or require updating. It's an essential tool for system administrators, hardware engineers, and anyone working with the inner workings of a Linux system. It provides insight into the hardware present on the PCI bus, a critical component of most modern computers. It replaced older methods for accessing PCI configuration space, providing a unified and standardized way to query PCI devices. Many options are available for filtering and formatting the output.

Accessing the complete PCI configuration space (-xxx) requires root privileges. Without appropriate permissions, the command may fail or provide incomplete information.

lspci uses databases to translate vendor and device IDs into human-readable names. If the database is out of date, use `update-pciids` to refresh it.

lspci's `-m` and `-mm` options make it easy to parse the output in scripts. For example, to get the vendor and device ID of all network cards:
lspci -n -d ::0200

PCI devices are organized into classes (e.g., Network controller, SATA controller, VGA compatible controller). These classes are represented by hexadecimal codes, and lspci can display them for each device.

lspci was developed to provide a standardized way to query PCI devices, replacing ad-hoc methods. It's evolved over time to support newer PCI standards and offer more detailed information. The original author is unknown. It has become a staple utility in nearly every Linux distribution.

setpci(8), update-pciids(8)