kopia

Create a local repository

$ kopia repository create filesystem --path [/path/to/repo]

$ kopia repository connect filesystem --path [/path/to/repo]

$ kopia snapshot create [/path/to/backup]

$ kopia snapshot list

$ kopia restore [snapshot_id] [/path/to/restore]

$ kopia mount all [/mnt/kopia]

$ kopia repository status

$ kopia policy set --keep-latest [10] --keep-daily [7] [/path/to/backup]

kopia command [options]

Kopia is a fast, secure backup tool with encryption, deduplication, and compression. It supports multiple storage backends including local filesystem, cloud storage (S3, B2, GCS, Azure), and SFTP servers.
Backups are encrypted client-side with AES-256-GCM before leaving your machine. Content-defined chunking enables efficient deduplication across all snapshots. Compression further reduces storage requirements.
The snapshot model provides point-in-time backups. Each snapshot captures directory state with metadata. Incremental backups only store changed data, but each snapshot is logically complete - you can restore any snapshot independently.
Policies control backup behavior per directory: compression, scheduling, retention (how many snapshots to keep), and file exclusions. Policies cascade from global to specific paths.
The optional server provides a web UI for browsing snapshots, monitoring backup status, and managing policies. It can also serve as a centralized backup server for multiple machines.
Mount functionality allows browsing snapshots as a filesystem, enabling file-level recovery without full restore.

repository create type

Create new repository (filesystem, s3, b2, gcs, azure, sftp, etc.).

Connect to existing repository.

Show repository connection status.

Create a backup snapshot.

List snapshots, optionally filtered by source.

Restore snapshot to directory.

Mount snapshots as FUSE filesystem.

Set backup and retention policies.

Show effective policy.

Run repository maintenance.

Start Kopia server (UI and API).

Repository password.

Use alternate config file.

Repository password cannot be recovered if lost - keep secure backups of credentials. Large initial backups take time. FUSE mount requires FUSE support. Some storage backends may have API costs. Deduplication effectiveness depends on data patterns.

Kopia was created by Jarek Kowalski starting around 2019 as a modern backup solution. The design emphasized security (mandatory encryption), performance (Go implementation, parallelism), and flexibility (multiple backends). It gained popularity as an alternative to Restic and Borg, offering a web UI and cross-platform support.

restic(1), borg(1), duplicacy(1), rclone(1)