if

Execute the specified commands if the condition command's exit status is zero

$ if [condition_command]; then [echo "Condition is true"]; fi

$ if ! [condition_command]; then [echo "Condition is true"]; fi

$ if [condition_command]; then [echo "Condition is true"]; else [echo "Condition is false"]; fi

$ if [[ -f [path/to/file] ]]; then [echo "Condition is true"]; fi

$ if [[ -d [path/to/directory] ]]; then [echo "Condition is true"]; fi

$ if [[ -e [path/to/file_or_directory] ]]; then [echo "Condition is true"]; fi

$ if [[ -n "$[variable]" ]]; then [echo "Condition is true"]; fi

$ man [

use if CONDITION, "MODULE", ARGUMENTS; no if CONDITION, "MODULE", ARGUMENTS;

"use if"

The if module is used to conditionally load another module. The construct:

use if CONDITION, "MODULE", ARGUMENTS;

... will load MODULE only if CONDITION evaluates to true; it has no effect if CONDITION evaluates to false. (The module name, assuming it contains at least one ::, must be quoted when use strict "subs"; is in effect.) If the CONDITION does evaluate to true, then the above line has the same effect as:

use MODULE ARGUMENTS;

For example, the Unicode::UCD module's charinfo function will use two functions from Unicode::Normalize only if a certain condition is met:

use if defined &DynaLoader::boot_DynaLoader, "Unicode::Normalize" => qw(getCombinClass NFD);

Suppose you wanted ARGUMENTS to be an empty list, i.e., to have the effect of:

use MODULE ();

You can't do this with the if pragma; however, you can achieve exactly this effect, at compile time, with:

BEGIN { require MODULE if CONDITION }

"no if"

The no if construct is mainly used to deactivate categories of warnings when those categories would produce superfluous output under specified versions of perl.

For example, the redundant category of warnings was introduced in Perl-5.22. This warning flags certain instances of superfluous arguments to printf and sprintf. But if your code was running warnings-free on earlier versions of perl and you don't care about redundant warnings in more recent versions, you can call:

use warnings; no if $] >= 5.022, q|warnings|, qw(redundant); my $test = { fmt => "%s", args => [ qw( x y ) ] }; my $result = sprintf $test->{fmt}, @{$test->{args}};

The no if construct assumes that a module or pragma has correctly implemented an unimport() method Ω- but most modules and pragmata have not. That explains why the no if construct is of limited applicability.

The current implementation does not allow specification of the required version of the module.

This software is copyright (c) 2002 by Ilya Zakharevich.

This is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the same terms as the Perl 5 programming language system itself.

Module::Requires can be used to conditionally load one or modules, with constraints based on the version of the module. Unlike if though, Module::Requires is not a core module. Module::Load::Conditional provides a number of functions you can use to query what modules are available, and then load one or more of them at runtime. The provide module from CPAN can be used to select one of several possible modules to load based on the version of Perl that is running.

Ilya Zakharevich <mailto:ilyaz@cpan.org>.