LinuxCommandLibrary

group

TLDR

View group file

$ cat /etc/group
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Find groups for user
$ groups [username]
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Find group by name
$ getent group [groupname]
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List group members
$ getent group [groupname] | cut -d: -f4
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DESCRIPTION

/etc/group is the system file that defines groups and their members. Each line contains a group entry with four colon-separated fields.

FILE FORMAT

$ groupname:password:GID:members
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Fields:
- groupname: Group name
- password: Usually 'x' (see /etc/gshadow)
- GID: Numeric group ID
- members: Comma-separated list of users

EXAMPLE ENTRIES

$ root:x:0:
wheel:x:10:alice,bob
docker:x:999:alice
www-data:x:33:
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RELATED COMMANDS

$ groupadd groupname      # Create group
groupdel groupname      # Delete group
groupmod -n new old     # Rename group
gpasswd -a user group   # Add user to group
gpasswd -d user group   # Remove user from group
newgrp groupname        # Switch primary group
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CAVEATS

Direct editing not recommended; use groupadd/groupmod. Changes may require logout to take effect. GIDs below 1000 typically reserved for system groups.

SEE ALSO

groups(1), groupadd(8), groupmod(8), passwd(5)

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