flashrom
Read, write, verify and erase flash chips.
TLDR
Probe the chip, ensuring the wiring is correct
$ flashrom --programmer [programmer]
Read flash and save it to a file
$ flashrom -p [programmer] --read [path/to/file]
Write a file to the flash
$ flashrom -p [programmer] --write [path/to/file]
Verify the flash against a file
$ flashrom -p [programmer] --verify [path/to/file]
Probe the chip using Raspberry Pi
$ flashrom -p [linux_spi:dev=/dev/spidev0.0]