enca

TLDR

Detect file(s) encoding according to the system's locale

$ enca [path/to/file1 path/to/file2 ...]

Detect file(s) encoding specifying a language in the POSIX/C locale format (e.g. zh_CN, en_US)

$ enca -L [language] [path/to/file1 path/to/file2 ...]

Convert file(s) to a specific encoding

$ enca -L [language] -x [to_encoding] [path/to/file1 path/to/file2 ...]

Create a copy of an existing file using a different encoding

$ enca -L [language] -x [to_encoding] < [original_file] > [new_file]